INFORMAŢII DESPRE MANUSCRISE ŞI FRAGMENTE

Qumran Scrolls
List of Caves, the scrolls and fragments found at Qumran and the Dead Sea
in 11 caves.

 

Manuscrisele de la Qumran

Lista Peşterilor , a sulurilor şi fragmentelor descoperite la Qumran şi în zona Mării Moarte

în cele 11 peşteri.

 

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Manuscrisele de la Qumran pestera 1

Cave One - 1Q - 1QapGen, 1QHab, 1QH, 1QIs^a, 1QIs^b, 1QM, 1QS, 1Q1-1Q27 and 1Q28a-1Q72

 

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1QapGen ar (1Q20) 1QGenesis Apocryphon ^{¤,1 [230-237]}

N.Avigad and Y. Yadin, A Genesis Apocryphon. A Scroll from the Wilderness of Judaea (Magnes Press-Heikhal hasefer, Jerusalem 1956). Rewritten version of Genesis in Aramaic.

 

Pestera Unu -  1Q - 1QapGen, 1QHab, 1QH, 1QIsa, 1QIsb, 1QM, 1QS, 1Q1-1Q27 şi 1Q28a-1Q72
1QapGen AR (1Q20) 1QGenesis Apocrifa ¤, 1 [230-237]
N.Avigad şi Y. Yadin, o Apocrifa Geneza. Un  sul din pustia Iudeii (Magnes de presă-Heikhal, Editura Hasefer, Ierusalim 1956).  Care a rescris o versiune a Genezei, în aramaică.

1QH (1QH^a) 1QHymns, The Hymns Scroll, Hôdayôt ^{¤,1 [317-361]}

cols. 1-18, frags. 1-66, pls 35-58. Three more fragments were published by E. Puech, RQ 13 (1988) 58-88, pl. III, who also suggested rearranging and renumbering the fragments, JJS 39 (1988) 38-55.

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One of the original group of seven manuscripts retrieved by the Ta^câmireh. 1QH is one of the three acquired by Prof. E. L. Sukenik in 1947 for the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. All seven of the original manuscripts eventually ended up in the special museum built for them in Jerusalem: The Shrine of the Book.

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1QpHab 1QHabakkuk Pesher ^{¤,1 [197-202]}

M. Burrows (ed.), The Dead Sea Scrolls of St. Mark's Monastery, (The American Schools of Oriental Research, New Haven 1950), vol. I, pls. LV-LXI. Commentary on Habakkuk 1:2-17; 2:1-20.

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One of the original group of seven manuscripts retrieved by the Ta^câmireh. 1QpHab is one of the four acquired by Athanasius Yeshue Samuel, the archimandrite of the Syrian-Orthodox monastery of Saint Mark in Jerusalem. Mar Athanasius eventually sold (as late as 1954) all four of his manuscripts to Yigael Yadin, the son of Prof. E. L Sukenik, acting through an intermediary, for the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. All seven of the original manuscripts eventually ended up in the special museum built for them in Jerusalem: The Shrine of the Book.

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1QIs^a 1QIsaiah^{a ß}

M. Burrows (ed.) with the assistance of J. C. Trever and W. H. Brownlee, The Dead Sea Scrolls of St. Mark's Monastery, vol. I, pls. I-LIV. Almost complete copy of Isaiah with some gaps along the bottom edge.

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One of the original group of seven manuscripts retrieved by the Ta^câmireh. 1QIs^a is one of the four acquired by Athanasius Yeshue Samuel, the archimandrite of the Syrian-Orthodox monastery of Saint Mark in Jerusalem. Mar Athanasius eventually sold (as late as 1954) all four of his manuscripts to Yigael Yadin, the son of Prof. E. L Sukenic, acting through an intermediary, for the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. All seven of the original manuscripts eventually ended up in the special museum built for them in Jerusalem: The Shrine of the Book.

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1QIs^b 1QIsaiah^{b ß}

E. L. Sukenik, 'Osar ham-megillôt hag-genûzôt she-bîdê ha-'ûnibersitah ha-^cibrit (Bialik Foundation-The Hebrew University [The Magnes Press-The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 1955]); pls. 1-15. Another long and fragmented copy of Isaiah.

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One of the original group of seven manuscripts retrieved by the Ta^câmireh. 1QIs^b is one of the three acquired by Prof. E. L. Sukenik in 1947 for the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. All seven of the original manuscripts eventually ended up in the special museum built for them in Jerusalem: The Shrine of the Book.

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1QM 1QWar Scroll ^{¤,1 [95-115]}

E. L. Sukenik, The Dead Sea Scrolls of the Hebrew University, pp. 1-19, pls 16-34.47. Rule of the War of the Children of Light Against the Children of Darkness.

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One of the original group of seven manuscripts retrieved by the Ta^câmireh. 1QM is one of the three acquired by Prof. E. L. Sukenik in 1947 for the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. All seven of the original manuscripts eventually ended up in the special museum built for them in Jerusalem: The Shrine of the Book.

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1Q33 (1QM) 1QWar Scroll ^{¤,1 [113-115]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 135-136, pl. XXXI. Two fragments of the above listed MS of the War Scroll, 1QM published by Sukenik. These two fragments retain a separate identity only because they were discovered by separate groups and stored separately for five decades and have not, yet, been physically reunited with the larger part of the manuscript.

1QS (1QS and rarely, if ever, 1Q28) 1QRule of the Community, Community Rule,

The 'Son of God' Text, and, occasionally still, The Manual of Discipline ^{¤,1 [3-19]}

Published in M. Burrows (ed.), The Dead Sea Scrolls of St. Mark's Monastery, (The American Schools of Oriental Research, New Haven 1950), vol. II/2, (Manual of Discipline = 1QS). There is no II/1.

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This manuscript contains a description of a sectarian group whose beliefs and practices resembled those of an ancient pacifist sect known as the Essenes, as noted by Eliezer Sukenik of Hebrew University in 1948. When this cave was reexplored in 1949 fragments of many other scrolls were found including what seemed to be an appendage to this same Essene-like work. In the first century CE Pliny the Elder located a group of Essenes on the western shore of the Dead Sea somewhere above En Gedi. This congruence, along with the seemingly obvious connection between the pottery found in the caves and in the nearby ruins, are what first lead de Vaux to preopose the hypothesis that the entire library and Qumran itself were products of the Essenes.

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One of the original group of seven manuscripts retrieved by the Ta^câmireh. 1QS is one of the four acquired by Athanasius Yeshue Samuel, the Archimandrite of the Syrian-Orthodox monastery of Saint Mark in Jerusalem. Mar Athanasius eventually sold (as late as 1954) all four of his manuscripts to Yigael Yadin, the son of Prof. E. L Sukenic, acting through an intermediary, for the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. All seven of the original manuscripts eventually ended up in the special museum built for them in Jerusalem: The Shrine of the Book.

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1QSa and 1QSb (1QSa, 1QSb and rarely, if ever, 1Q28a and 1Q28b) 1QRule of the Community, Community Rule,

The secterian Rule of the Community, The 'Son of God' Text, and, occasionally still, The Manual of Discipline ^{¤,1 [3-19]}

Adjuncts to the Rule of the Community (1QS), published in DJD I as 1Q28a and 1Q28b. M. Burrows (ed.), The Dead Sea Scrolls of St. Mark's Monastery, vol. II, fasc. 2:The Manual of Discipline (The American Schools of Oriental Research, New Haven 1951). Community Rule, cols I-XI. 1Q28a and 1Q28b are usually assumed to be appendices to 1QS. They were discovered during subsequent digs in cave 1 conducted by Lankester Harding and Roland De Vaux several years after the first seven manuscripts were discovered there. By that time the cave had obviously been 'excavated' both by the bedouin and by the monks of Syrian monastery of St Mark, or their agents.

 

1Q1 (1QGen) 1QGenesis ^ß

D. Barthélemy, Discoveries in the Judaean Desert I (DJD I) (Oxford 1955), 49-50, pl. VIII. Fragmentary remains of Genesis.

1Q2 (1QExod) 1QExodus ^ß

D. Barthélemy, DJD I, 50-51, pl. VIII. Fragmentary remains of Exodus.

1Q3 (1QpalaeoLev) 1QLeviticus ^ß

D. Barthélemy, DJD I, 51-54, pls. VIII-IX. Barthélemy accepts the possibility that these fragments are parts of three or four separate MSS, to which fragments 1-15, 16-21, 22-23, and 24 respectively belong. M. D. McLean, The Use and Development of Palaeo-Hebrew in the Hellenistic and Roman Period (Thesis, Harvard 1982), 41-42, distinguishes three separate MSS:

• 1QpalaeoLev^a: fragments 1-8, 10-15;
  
• 1QpalaeoLev^b: fragments 22-23;
  
• 1QpalaeoNum: fragments 16-21.

Fragmentary remains of Leviticus in palaeo-Hebrew script.

1Q4 (1QDeut^a) 1QDeuteronomy^{a ß}

D. Barthélemy, DJD I, 54-57, pl. IX. Fragmentary remains of Deuteronomy.

1Q5 (1QDeut^b) 1QDeuteronomy^{b ß}

D. Barthélemy, DJD I, 57-62, pl. X. Another fragmentary copy of Deuteronomy.

1Q6 (1QJud) 1QJudges ^ß

D. Barthélemy, DJD I, 62-64, pl. XI. Fragmentary remains of Judges.

1Q7 (1QSam) 1QSamuel ^ß

D. Barthélemy, DJD I, 64-65, pl. XI. Fragmentary remains of 1 and 2 Samuel.

1Q8 (1QIs^b) 1QIsaiah^{b ß}

D. Barthélemy, DJD I, 66-68, pl. XII. Part of the 1QIs^b manuscript of Isaiah, published by Sukenik, 1QIsaiah^b. These separate parts of the same manuscript retain a separate identities only because they were discovered by separate groups and stored separately for five decades and have not, yet, been physically reunited into one large manuscript.

1Q9 (1QEzek) 1QEzekiel ^ß

D. Barthélemy, DJD I, 68-69, pl. XII. One identified fragment of Ezekiel and another, unidentified.

1Q10 (1QPs^a) 1QPsalms^{a ß}

D. Barthélemy, DJD I, 69-70, pl. XIII. Fragmentary copy of Psalms, with the divine name written in palaeo-Hebrew characters.

1Q11 (1QPs^b) 1QPsalms^{b ß}

D. Barthélemy, DJD I, 71, pl. XIII. Another fragmentary copy of Psalms, with the divine name written in palaeo-Hebrew characters.

1Q12 (1QPs^c) 1QPsalms^{c ß}

D. Barthélemy, DJD I, 71-72, pl. XIII. Remains of Psalm 44.

1Q13 (1QPhyl) 1QPhylactery ^ß

D. Barthélemy, DJD I, 72-76, fig. 10, pl. XIV. Remains of a phylactery which includes the text of the decalogue.

1Q14 (1QpMic) 1QMicah Pesher ^{¤,1 [193-194]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 77-80, pl. XV. Remains of a commentary on Mic 1:2-5.5-7.8-9; 4:13(?);6:14-16; 7:6(?).8-9(?).17.

1Q15 (1QpZeph) 1QZephaniah Pesher ^{¤,1 [202]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 80, pl. XV. Remains of a commentary on Zeph 1:18-2:2.

1Q16 (1QpPs) 1QPsalms Pesher ^{¤,1 [206]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 81-82, pl. XV. Remains of a commentary on Ps 57:1.4;Ps 68:12-13.26-27.30-31.

1Q17 (1QJub^a) 1QJubilees^{a ¤,1 [245]}

D. J. T. Milik, DJD I, 82-83, pl. XVI. Copy of the Book of Jubilees. Remains of Jub 27:19-21.

1Q18 (1QJub^b) 1QJubilees^{b ¤,1 [245]}

D. J. T. Milik, DJD I, 83-84, pl. XVI. Copy of the Book of Jubilees. Remains of Jub 35:8-10 and unidentified fragments.

1Q19 (1QNoah) 1QNoah ^{¤,1 [263]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 84-86, pl. XVI. Possibly a copy of the lost Book of Noah, related to the Book of Enoch.

1Q19bis 1QNoah ^{¤,1 [263]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 152. Fragment 2 of the preceding MS.

1Q20 (1QapGen ar) 1QGenesis Apocryphon ^{¤,1 [230]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 86-87, pl. XVII. 8 fragments of the foregoing 1QapGen ar, published as 'Apocalypse de Lamech'.

1Q21 (1QTLevi ar) 1QAramaic Levi ^{¤,1 [266]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 87-91, pl. XVII. Remains of an Aramaic work related to the Aramaic Testament of Levi from the Cairo Genizah, and to the Greek Testament of Levi, which forms part of the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs.

1Q22 (1QDM) 1QWords of Moses ^{¤,1 [276-277]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 91-97, pl. XVIII-XIX. Remains of a Hebrew work, referred to as 'Words of Moses' (Dibrê Mosheh).

1Q23 (1QEnGiants ar^a) 1QBook of Giants^{a ¤,1 [260]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 97-98, pl. XIX. Published as remains of an Aramaic apocryphon, they were later identified by Milik as a copy of the Book of Giants in Milik, Books, 301-302.

1Q24 (1QEnGiants ar^b) 1QBook of Giants^{b ¤,o}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 99, pl. XX. Aramaic apocryphon; according to Milik, Books, 309, possibly another copy of the Book of Giants.

1Q25 (1QApocryphal prophecy) ^¤,o

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 100-101, pl. XX. Remains of 'an apocryphal prophecy; (?) in Hebrew.

1Q26 (1QWisdom Apocryphon) ^¤,o

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 101-102, pl. XX. Remains of an apocryphal work in Hebrew. According to P. W. Skehan there are another four copies of the same work in 4Q. (See Sapiential Work A^f).

1Q27 (1QMyst) 1QMysteries ^{¤,1 [399-400]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 102-107, pls. XXI-XXII. 'Book of the Mysteries', a pseudepigraphical prophecy. Also, see 'The Book of Secrets' translation by the Gnostic Society Library.

1Q28a (1QSa) 1QRule of the Congregation ^{¤,1 [126-128]}

D. Barthélemy, DJD I, 108-118, pls. XXIII-XXIV. Appendix to the Community Rule, 1QS, eschatological in content.

1Q28b (1QSb) 1QRule of the Blessings ^{¤,1 [432-433]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 118-130, pls. XXV-XXIX. Collection of various blessings preserved as an appendix to the Community Rule, 1QS, and the Rule of the Congregation, 1QSa.

1Q29 1QLiturgy of the Three Tongues of Fire ^{¤,1 [277-278]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 130-132, pl. XXX. Remains of a work, liturgical in character, called the Liturgy of the 'three tongues of fire'. Also, see 'Tongues of Fire' translation by the Gnostic Society Library.

1Q30 1QLiturgical Text (?) ^{¤,1 [438]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 132-133, pl. XXX. Fragment of indeterminate character.

1Q31 1QLiturgical Text (?) ^{¤,1 [438]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 132-133, pl. XXX. Fragment of indeterminate character.

1Q32 (1QJN ar) 1QNew Jerusalem ^¤,o

D. Barthélemy, DJD I, 134-135, pls. XXXI. Minute remains of the Aramaic work: 'Description of the New Jerusalem'.

1Q34 (1QPrFêtes) 1QFestival Prayers ^{¤,1 [411]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 136, pl. XXXI. Collection of prayers for the various feasts of the liturgical year. Two (4Q508-509) or three (4Q507) other copies of this work have been preserved.

1Q34bis 1QFestival Prayers ^{¤,1 [411]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 152-155, pl. XXXI. Fragments of the foregoing MS, with remains of the prayers for the feasts of the New Year, Yom Kippur and Tabernacles (?).

1Q35 (1QH^b) 1QHymns^{b ¤,1 [361-362]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 136-138, pl. XXI. Remains of a second copy of the Hodayot (1QH^a)

1Q36 1QHymnic Compositions (?) ^¤,o

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 138-141, pl. XXXII. Remains of an unspecified hymn.

1Q37 1QHymnic Compositions (?) ^{¤,1 [438]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 141, pl. XXXIII. Remains of an unspecified hymn.

1Q38 1QHymnic Compositions (?) ^{¤,1 [438]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 142, pl. XXXIII. Remains of an unspecified hymn.

1Q39 1QHymnic Compositions (?) ^{¤,1 [438]}

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 143, pl. XXXIII. Remains of an unspecified hymn.

1Q40-69 1QUnclassified fragments ^¤,o

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 144-148, pls. XXXIII-XXXIV. Unidentified Hebrew and Aramaic fragments.

1Q70 1QUnclassified fragments ^¤,o

J. T. Milik, DJD I, 148-149, pl. XXXVII. Unidentified fragments of papyri.

1Q71 (1QDan^a) 1QDaniel^{a ß}

D. Barthélemy, DJD I, 150-151. A single fragment with two columns of Daniel.

1Q72 (1QDan^b) 1QDaniel^{b ß}

D. Barthélemy, DJD I, 150-151. Another fragmentary copy of Daniel.

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Manuscripts from Qumran Cave 2

Go back to Cave One (1Q) or go forward to Cave Three (3Q)

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Cave Two - 2Q - 2Q1-2Q33

2Q1 (2QGen) 2QGenesis ^ß
M. Baillet, DJD III, 48-49, pl. X. Remains of a copy of Genesis.
2Q2 (2QExod^a) 2QExodus^{a ß}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 49-52, pl. X. Remains of a copy of Exod.
2Q3 (2QExod^b) 2QExodus^{b ß}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 52-55, pl. XI. Remains of another copy of Exodus, with the divine name written in palaeo-Hebrew characters and in which Exod 34:10 comes immediately after Exod 19:9
2Q4 (2QExod^c) 2QExodus^{c ß}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 56, pl. XII. A single fragment of possibly another copy of Exodus.
2Q5 (2QpalaeoLev) 2QLeviticus ^ß
M. Baillet, DJD III, 56-57, pl. XII. A single fragment of Leviticus, written in palaeo-Hebrew characters
2Q6 (2QNumb^a) 2QNumbers^{a ß}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 57-58, pl. XII. Two fragments with remains of a copy of Numbers.
2Q7 (2QNumb^b) 2QNumbers^{b ß}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 58-59, pl. XII. A fragment of another copy of Numbers.
2Q8 (2QNumb^c) 2QNumbers^{c ß}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 59, pl. XII. A fragment with remains of possibly another copy of Numbers.
2Q9 (2QNumb^d) 2QNumbers^d (?) ^ß
M. Baillet, DJD III, 59-60, pl. XII. A fragment with remains of possibly another copy of Numbers.
2Q10 (2QDeut^a) 2QDeuteronomy^{a ß}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 60-61, pl. XII. A fragment with remains of Deut 1.
2Q11 (2QDeut^b) 2QDeuteronomy^{b ß}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 60-61, pl. XII. A fragment with remains of possibly another copy of Deuteronomy.
2Q12 (2QDeut^c) 2QDeuteronomy^{c ß}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 61-62, pl. XII. A fragment with remains of Deut 10.
2Q13 (2QJer) 2QJeremiah ^ß
M. Baillet, DJD III, 62-69, pl. XIII. Remains of a copy of Jeremiah.
2Q14 (2QPs) 2QPsalms ^ß
M. Baillet, DJD III, 69-71, pl. XIII. Remains of Pss 103 and 104, written partly in red ink.
2Q15 (2QJob) 2QJob ^ß
M. Baillet, DJD III, 71, pl. XIII. A fragment with remains of Job 3.
2Q16 (2QRuth^a) 2QRuth^{a ß}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 71-74, pl. XIV. Remains of a copy of Ruth.
2Q17 (2QRuth^b) 2QRuth^{b ß}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 74-75, pl. XV. Two fragments, one unidentified, of another copy of Ruth.
2Q18 (2QSir) 2QBenSira ^ß
M. Baillet, DJD III, 75-77, pl. XV. Remains of chap. 6 of Ecclesiasticus (or Ben Sira) in Hebrew.
2Q19 (2QJub^a) 2QJubilees^{a ¤,1 [244]}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 77-78, pl. XV. A single fragment of the Book of Jubilees, with remains of Jub 23:7-8.
2Q20 (2QJub^b) 2QJubilees^{b ¤,1 [245]}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 78-79, pl. XV. Three fragments of another copy of the Book of Jubilees. Only one has been identified.
2Q21 (2QapMoses) 2QApocryphon of Moses ^{¤,1 [281]}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 79-81, pl. XV. Remains of a dialogue of Moses with God.
2Q22 (2QapDavid?) 2QApocryphon of David? ^{¤,1 [224]}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 81-82, pl. XV. Remains of an'Apocryphon of David' (?) or of another 'Apocryphon of Moses', which Baillet completes with another copy from Cave 4, 4Q373.
2Q23 (2QapProph) 2QApocryphal prophecy ^¤,o
M. Baillet, DJD III, 82-84, pl. XV. Remains of an 'Apocryphal Prophecy'.
2Q24 (2QNJ ar) 2QNew Jerusalem ^{¤,1 [129]}
M. Baillet, RB 62 (1955) 225-245, pls. II-III; M. Baillet, DJD III, 84-89, pl. XV. Remains of an Aramaic work, 'Description of the New Jerusalem'.
2Q25 2QJuridical text ^{¤,1 [86]}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 90, pl. XVI. Remains of an halakhic work.
2Q26 (2QEnGiants ar) 2QBook of Giants ^¤,o
M. Baillet, DJD III, 90-91. A single fragment in Aramaic, published as a fragment of a ritual(?) and later identified by Milik, Books, 334, as another fragment of the Book of Giants.
2Q27-33 2QUnclassified fragments ^¤,o
M. Baillet, DJD III, 91-93, pl. XVII. Fragments of unidentified works. 

 





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Manuscripts from Qumran Cave 3

Go back to Cave Two (2Q) or go forward to Cave Four (4Q)

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Cave Three - 3Q - Copper Scroll, and 3Q1-3Q14

3QCopper Scroll (3Q15) ^{¤,1 [461-463]}
J. M. Allegro, The Treasures of the Copper Scroll (London 1960); J. T. Milik, DJD III, 211-302, pls. XLVIII-LXXI. Copper Scroll. The orginal Copper Scroll is stored in Amman, Jordan. It has begun to deteriorate even though carefully stored there. Efforts are underway to preserve it.
3Q1 (3QEz) 3QEzekiel ^ß
M. Baillet, DJD III, 94, pl. XVIII. Fragments with remains of Ez 16.
3Q2 (3QPs) 3QPsalms ^ß
M. Baillet, DJD III, 94, pl. XVIII. Fragments with remains of Ps 2.
3Q3 (3QLam) 3QLamentations ^ß
M. Baillet, DJD III, 95, pl. XVIII. Remains of a copy of Lamentations with the divine name written in palaeo-Hebrew characters.
3Q4 (3QpIsa) 3QIsaiah Pesher ^{¤,1 [185]}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 95-96, pl. XVIII. Remains of a pesher on Isaiah.
3Q5 (3QJub) 3QJubilees ^{¤,1 [244]}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 96-98, pl. XVIII. Three of the seven fragments in this manuscript, originally published as an 'Apocryphal prophecy', have been identified as a copy of Jubilees.
3Q6 3QHymn ^{¤,1 [401]}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 98, pl. XVIII. Hymn of praise.
3Q7 (3QTJuda?) 3QTestament of Judah (?) ^{¤,1 [265]}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 99, pl. XVIII. Later identified by J. T. Milik as a Hebrew version of the Aramaic Testament of Judah, it was originally published as "Apocryphon which mentions the angel of the presence'.
3Q8 3QUnclassified fragments ^¤,o
M. Baillet, DJD III, 100, pls. XIX. 'Text which mentions an angel of peace'.
3Q9 3QSectarian text(?) ^¤,o
M. Baillet, DJD III, 100-101, pls. XIX.
3Q10-14 3QUnclassified fragments ^¤,o
M. Baillet, DJD III, 101-105, pls. XIX. Unidentified texts. 

 





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Manuscripts from Qumran Cave 4

Go back to Cave Three (3Q) or go forward to Cave Five (5Q)

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Cave Four - 4Q

4Q1 (4QGen-Exod^a) 4QGenesis-Exodus^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD XII, 1-30, pls. I-V. Copy which contains combined remains of Genesis and Exodus.
4Q2 (4QGen^b) 4QGenesis^{b ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD XII, 31-38, pls. VI-VIII. Copy of Gn text identical to MT. Origin Uncertain.
4Q3 (4QGen^c) 4QGenesis^{c ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD XII, 39-42, pl. IX. Remains of GN 40-41
4Q4 (4QGen^d) 4QGenesis^{d ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD XII, 43-45, pl. IX. A single fragment with remains of Gn 1.
4Q5 (4QGen^e) 4QGenesis^{e ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD XII, 47-52, pl. X. Copy of Gn from a textual type similar to MT and the Samaritan text.
4Q6 (4QGen^f) 4QGenesis^{f ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD XII, 53-55, pl. XI. Remains of one column with part of Gn 48.
4Q7 (4QGen^g) 4QGenesis^{g ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD XII, 57-60, pl. XII. Two fragments of Gn 1-2.
4Q8 (4QGen^h₁) 4QGenesis^{h₁ ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD XII, 61-62, pl. XII. A fragment with remains of Gn 1:8-10. The siglum 4QGen^h has been adopted for four different manuscripts related to the book of Genesis, each of which is preserved in only one small fragment.
4Q8a (4QGen^h₂) 4QGenesis^{h₂ ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD XII, 62, pl. XII. A fragment with remains of Gn 2:17-18.
4Q8b (4QGen^h_-para) 4QGenesis^{h_-para ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD XII, 62-63, pl. XII. A paraphrasis of Gn 12:4-5.
4Q8c (4QGen^h_-title) 4QGenesis^{h_-title ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD XII, 63-64, pl. XII. The title of a Genesis manuscript written on the recto of a page de garde.
4Q9 (4QGen^j) 4QGenesis^{j ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD XII, 65-73, pl. XIII. Copy of Gn of a textual type close to the Samaritan text.
4Q10 (4QGen^k) 4QGenesis^{k ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD XII, 75-78, pl. XIII. Small fragments with remains of Gn 1-3.
4Q11 (4QpalaeoGen-Exod^l) 4QGenesis-Exodus^{l ß}
P. W. Skehan, E. Ulrich, J. E. Sanderson, DJD IX, 17-50, pls. I-VI. A manuscript in palaeo-Hebrew script with remains of Gn 50:26 and Exod 1-36.
4Q12 (4QpalaeoGen^m) 4QGenesis^{m ß}
P. W. Skehan, E. Ulrich, J. E. Sanderson, DJD IX, 51-52, pl. VI. A fragment on Gn 26 in palaeo-Hebrew script.
4QGenⁿ 4QGenesis^{n ß}
E. Puech, RQ 16/64 (1995) 637-704 (?). Two very small fragments with possible remains of Gn 34:7-10 and Gn 50:3.
4Q13 (4QExod^b) 4QExodus^{b ß}
F. M. Cross, DJD XII, 79-95, pls. XIV-XV. Six fragments with remains of Exod 1-5.
4Q14 (4QExod^c) 4QExodus^{c ß}
J. E. Sanderson, DJD XII, 97-125, pls. XVI-XX. Thirty-six (36) fragments with remains of Exod 7-18.
4Q15 (4QExod^d) 4QExodus^{d ß}
J. E. Sanderson, DJD XII, 127-128, pl. XXI. A single fragment with remains of Exod 13:15-17 followed directly by Exod 15:1.
4Q16 (4QExod^e) 4QExodus^{e ß}
J. E. Sanderson, DJD XII, 129-131, pl. XXI. A single fragment with remains of Exod 13:3-5.
4Q17 (4QExod-Lev^f) 4QExodus-Leviticus^{f ß}
F. M. Cross, DJD XII, 133-144, pls. XXII. It might be most ancient of the biblical manuscripts to come from Qumran, copied towards 250 BC. Its contents are practically identical to MT. Remains of Exod 38-Lev 2.
4Q18 (4QExod^g) ^ß
J. E. Sanderson, DJD XII, 145-146, pl. XXI. A single fragment with remains of Exod 14:21-27.
4Q19 (4QExod^h) ^ß
J. E. Sanderson, DJD XII, 147-148, pl. XXII. A single fragment with remains of Exod 6:3-6.
4Q20 (4QExod^j) ^ß
J. E. Sanderson, DJD XII, 149-150, pl. XXI. Minute fragments with remains of Exod 7-8.
4Q21 (4QExod^k) ^ß
J. E. Sanderson, DJD XII, 151, pl. XXI. A single fragment with remains of Exod 36:9-10.
4Q22 (4QpalaeoExod^m) ^ß
P. W. Skehan, E. Ulrich, J. E. Sanderson, DJD IX, 51-130, pls. VII-XXXIII. Another lengthy copy of Exod in palaeo-Hebrew characters, Samaritan in type.
4Q23 (4QLev-Num^a) 4QLeviticus-Numbers^{a ß}
E. Ulrich, DJD XII, 153-176, pls. XXIII-XXX. Many fragments of a MS which contains remains of Lev and Num.
4Q24 (4QLev^b) 4QLeviticus^{b ß}
E. Ulrich, DJD XII, 177-187, pls. XXI-XXXIV. Thirty (30) fragments of another copy of Lev, with remains of Lev 1-3 and Lev 21-25.
4Q25 (4QLev^c) 4QLeviticus^{c ß}
E. Tov, DJD XII, 189-192, pl. XXXV. Nine (9) fragments of another copy of Lev with remains of Lev 1-8.
4Q26 (4QLev^d) 4QLeviticus^{d ß}
E. Tov, DJD XII, 193-195, pl. XXXVI. Another copy of Lev in a bad state of preservation with remains of Lev 14-17.
4Q26a (4QLev^e) 4QLeviticus^{e ß}
E. Tov, DJD XII, 197-201, pl. XXXVII. Nine (9) small fragments with remains of Lev 3 and Lev 19-22.
4Q26b (4QLev^g) 4QLeviticus^{g ß}
E. Tov, DJD XII, 203-204, pl. XXXVIII. A single fragment with remains of Lev 7:19-26, containing the tetragrammaton in palaeo-Hebrew script.
4Q27 (4QNum^b) 4QNumbers^{b ß}
N. R. Jastram, DJD XII, 205-267, pls. XXXVIII-XLIX. Lengthy copy, of an expansionist type, of Num, of which remains of 27 columns have been preserved.
4Q28 (4QDeut^a) 4QDeuteronomy^{a ß}
S. A. White, A critical Edition of Seven Deuteronomy Manuscripts, Diss Harvard 1988, 8-18. A fragment with remains of Deut 23-24.
4Q29 (4QDeut^b) 4QDeuteronomy^{b ß}
J. A. Duncon, A Critical Edition of Deuteronomy Manuscripts from Qumran Cave IV: 4QDt^b, 4QDt^e, 4QDt^h, 4QDt^j, 4QDt^l, Diss. Harvard 1989, 9-31. Four fragments with remains of Deut 29-32.
4Q30 (4QDeut^c) 4QDeuteronomy^{c ß}
S. A. White, A critical Edition of Seven Deuteronomy Manuscripts, Diss Harvard 1988, 19-132. Lengthy copy of Deut, of a textual type related to LXX.
4Q31 (4QDeut^d) 4QDueteronomy^{d ß}
S. A. White, A critical Edition of Seven Deuteronomy Manuscripts, Diss Harvard 1988, 133-154. A fragment with remains of Deut 2-3.
4Q32 (4QDeut^e) 4QDeuteronomy^{e ß}
J. A. Duncon, A Critical Edition of Deuteronomy Manuscripts from Qumran Cave IV: 4QDt^b, 4QDt^e, 4QDt^h, 4QDt^j, 4QDt^l, Diss. Harvard 1989, 32-49. Three main fragments containing remains of Deut 7-8.
4Q33 (4QDeut^f) 4QDeuteronomy^{f ß}
S. A. White, A critical Edition of Seven Deuteronomy Manuscripts, Diss Harvard 1988, 155-214. 'Proto-rabbinic' copy of Deut.
4Q34 (4QDeut^g) 4QDeuteronomy^{g ß}
S. A. White, A critical Edition of Seven Deuteronomy Manuscripts, Diss Harvard 1988, 215-240. Copy of Deut of a masoretic type.
4Q35 (4QDeut^h) 4QDeuteronomy^{h ß}
J. A. Duncon, A Critical Edition of Deuteronomy Manuscripts from Qumran Cave IV: 4QDt^b, 4QDt^e, 4QDt^h, 4QDt^j, 4QDt^l, Diss. Harvard 1989, 50-77. Copy of Deut of a septuagintal type, with remains of Deut 1-2, Deut 31 and Deut 33.
4Q36 (4QDeutⁱ) 4QDeuteronomy^{i ß}
S. A. White, A critical Edition of Seven Deuteronomy Manuscripts, Diss Harvard 1988, 241-262. Another copy of Deut.
4Q37 (4QDeut^j) 4QDeuteronomy^{j ß}
J. A. Duncon, A Critical Edition of Deuteronomy Manuscripts from Qumran Cave IV: 4QDt^b, 4QDt^e, 4QDt^h, 4QDt^j, 4QDt^l, Diss. Harvard 1989, 78-114. The manuscript contains various passages from Deut and Exod 12:43-13:5, which follows Deut 11:21.
4Q38 (4QDeut^k) 4QDeuteronomy^{k ß}
J. A. Duncon, A Critical Edition of Deuteronomy Manuscripts from Qumran Cave IV: 4QDt^b, 4QDt^e, 4QDt^h, 4QDt^j, 4QDt^l, Diss. Harvard 1989, 115-154. Eleven (11) fragments which may could belong to two different copies of Deut. The preserved remains come from Deut 5.11.19-20.23.25-26.32.
4Q39 (4QDeut^l) 4QDeuteronomy^{l ß}
J. A. Duncon, A Critical Edition of Deuteronomy Manuscripts from Qumran Cave IV: 4QDt^b, 4QDt^e, 4QDt^h, 4QDt^j, 4QDt^l, Diss. Harvard 1989, 155-168. Eight (8) tiny-sized fragments of another copy of Deut.
4Q40 (4QDeut^m) 4QDeuteronomy^{m ß}
Three fragments with remains of Deut 3 and Deut 7, written with plene spelling.
4Q41 (4QDeutⁿ) 4QDeuteronomy^{n ß}
F. M. Cross, Scrolls from the Wilderness of the Dead Sea, 20.31-32. The famous 'All Souls Deuteronomy', possibly a text with excerpts from Deut.
4Q42 (4QDeut^o) 4QDeuteronomy^{o ß}
Fifteen (15) tiny-sized fragments of another copy of Deut.
4Q43 (4QDeut^p) 4QDeuteronomy^{p ß}
Four (4) small fragments of another copy of Deut, with remains of Deut 5 and Deut 14.
4Q44 (4QDeut^q) 4QDeuteronomy^{q ß}
Remains of the 'Song of Moses'.
4Q45 (4QpalaeoDeut^r) 4QpalaeoDeuteronomy^{r ß}
P. W. Skehan, E. Ulrich, J. E. Sanderson, DJD IX, 131-152, pls. XXXIV-XXXVI. Abundant fragments of another copy of Deut written in palaeo-Hebrew characters.
4Q46 (4QpalaeoDeut^s) 4QpalaeoDeuteronomy^{s ß}
P. W. Skehan, E. Ulrich, J. E. Sanderson, DJD IX, 153-154, pl. XXXVII. A single fragment in palaeo-Hebrew of Deut 26.
4Q47 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q48 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q49 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q50 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q51 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q52 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q53 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q54 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q55 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q56 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q57 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q58 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q59 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q60 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q61 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q62 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q63 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q64 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q65 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q66 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q67 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q68 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q69 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q69a (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
469b1 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q70 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q71 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q71a (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q71b (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q72 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q73 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q74 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q75 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q76 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q77 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q78 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q79 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q80 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q81 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q82 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q83 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q84 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q85 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q86 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q87 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q88 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q89 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q90 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q91 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q92 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q93 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q94 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q95 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q96 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q97 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q98 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q98a (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q98b (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q98c (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q98d (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4QPs 89 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4QPs 122 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q99 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q100 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q101 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q102 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q103 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q104 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q105 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q106 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q107 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q108 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q109 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q110 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q111 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q112 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q113 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q114 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q115 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q116 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q117 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q118 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q119 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q120 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q121 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q122 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q123 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q124 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q125 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q126 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q127 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q128 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q129 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q130 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q131 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q132 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q133 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q134 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q135 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q136 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q137 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q138 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q139 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q140 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q141 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q142 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q143 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q144 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q145 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q146 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q147-148 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q149 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q150 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q151 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q152 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q153 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q154 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4Q155 (4Q^a) 4Q^{a ß}
J. R. Davila, DJD III, 1-30, pls. I-V.
4QD - Damascus Document²


4Q186²
x fragments in cryptic script (mixes a few words written in Greek and palaeo-Hebrew alphabets with those in ordinary square Hebrew in mirror writing; not the same code as that used in 4Q298)
4Q196²
Aramaic Tobit - 1 fragment -
4Q213-214²
Aramaic Testament of Levi - 2 manuscripts in 6 fragments -
4Q215²
Testament of Naphtali - 1 fragment -
4Q227²
Pseudo-Jubilees - 2 fragments -
4Q243-245²
Pseudo-Daniel - 1 fragment -
4Q246²
The Son of God - 1 fragment - This fragment was acquired through Kando in 1958. Even though it has never been published, the contents of this scroll fragment have become known along with the rest of the scrolls in recent years. It appears to record the first instances of certain phrases thought to be unique to the Hellenistic New Testament writings originating outside Palestine. From this lone document, we now know that these phrases are part of Christianity's original Jewish heritage. The specific phrases are Son of God, Most High and Son of the Most High. Despite the obvious importance of this text to both Jewish and Christian biblical scholars, J. T. Milik has still not published this text which was originally assigned to him.
4Q251 - Halakhah A²
A Pleasing Fragrance - 7 fragments -
4Q252²
A Genesis Florilegium - 1 fragment -
4Q266 - The End of the Damascus Document: An Excommunication Text²
The Foundations of Righteousness - 1 fragment -
4Q274 - Purity Laws Type A²
Mourning, Seminal Emissions, etc. - 3 fragments -
4Q276-277 - Purity Laws Type B²
Laws of the Red Heifer - 2 manuscripts in 2 fragments -
4Q285 - Nasi²
The Messianic Leader - 7 fragments -

Previous Discussion: None
4Q286-287²
The Chariots of Glory - 2 manuscripts in 6 fragments -
4Q298²
Admonitions to the Sons of Dawn - 1 fragment in code (uses 23 more or less arbitrary symbols in a simple substitution code plus one null character, possibly a syntactic symbol that has no correspondence in Hebrew; not the same code as that used in 4Q186) -
4Q299-301 (4QBook of Mysteries)
Also, see 'The Book of Secrets' translation by the Gnostic Society Library.
4Q302a (4QThe Parable of the Bountiful Treee)
'The Parable of the Bountiful Treee' translation by the Gnostic Society Library.
4Q318²
Brontologion - 2 fragments -
4Q319A - Otot²
Heavenly Concordances - 1 fragment -
4Q320²
Priestly Courses II - 1 fragment
4Q321²
Priestly Courses I - 2 fragments -
4Q323-324A-B²
Priestly Courses III--Aemilius Kills - 5 manuscripts in 12 fragments -
4Q325²
Priestly Courses IV - 2 fragments - dt>4Q376²
Tongues of Fire. Also, see 'Tongues of Fire' translation by the Gnostic Society Library.
4Q385²
Pseudo-Jeremiah - 3 fragments
4Q385-389²
Second Ezekiel - 6 fragments
4Q390²
The Angels of Mastermoth and the Rule of Belial - 2 fragments
4Q394-398 - MMT² or 'some words of the Torah'² or 'some works of the Torah'
The First Letter on Works Reckoned as Righteousness -
4Q397-399²
The Second Letter on Works Reckoned as Righteousness - 1 fragment
4Q414²
Baptismal Hymn - 4 fragments - Also, see 'A Baptismal Liturgy' translation by the Gnostic Society Library.
4Q416, 418 - Yesha^c2
The Children of Salvation (Yesha^c) and The Mystery of Existence - 10 fragments -
4Q424 - Proverbs²
The Sons of Righteousness - 2 fragments -
4Q434, 436²
Hymns of the Poor - 3 fragments -
4Q448 - Alexander Jannaeus²
Paean for King Jonathan - 1 fragment -
4Q458 - A Fragmentary Apocalypse²
The Tree of Evil - 2 fragments -
4Q462²
The Era of Light is Coming - 1 fragment -
4Q471²
The Servants of Darkness - 4 fragments -

Previous Discussion: None
4Q477 - A Record of Sectarian Discipline²
He Loved His Bodily Emissions - 1 fragment -
4Q521²
The Messiah of Heaven and Earth - 5 fragments -

Previous Discussion: R.H. Eisenman, 'A Messianic Vision', BAR Nov/Dec (1991) p. 65
4Q522²
Joshua Apocryphon - 1 fragment -
4Q525 - Beatitudes²
The Demons of Death - 10 fragments -
4Q529²
The Words of Michael - 1 fragment -
4Q532²
Enochic Book of Giants - 6 fragments -
4Q534-536²
The Birth of Noah - 3 fragments -

Previous Discussion: J. Starky, '
4Q541 - Aaron A²
A Firm Foundation - 6 fragments -
4Q542²
Testament of Kohath - 3 fragments -
4Q543, 545-548²
Testament of Amram - 4 manuscripts in 7 fragments -
4Q544²
Hur and Miriam - 1 fragment -
4Q547²
Visions of the Four Kingdoms - 4 fragments -
4Q550²
Stories from the Persian Court - 1 fragment -
4Q554²
The New Jerusalem - 1 fragment -
4Q559²
A Biblical Chronology - 3 fragments -
4Q560²
An Amulet Formula Against Evil Spirits - 1 fragment -
4Q561²
A Physiognomic Text - 6 fragments -

 

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Manuscripts from Qumran Cave 5

Go back to Cave Four (4Q) or go forward to Cave Six (6Q)

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Cave Five - 5Q - 5Q1-5Q25

5Q1 (5QDeut) 5QDeuteronomy ^ß
J. T. Milik, DJD III, 169-171, pl. XXXVI. A fragment with remains of two columns of Deuteronomy.
5Q2 (5QKgs) 5QKings ^ß
J. T. Milik, DJD III, 171-172, pl. XXXVI. Remains of 1 Kgs 1.
5Q3 (5QIsa) 5QIsaiah ^ß
J. T. Milik, DJD III, 173, pl. XXXVI. A fragment with remains of Isa 40.
5Q4 (5QAmos) 5QAmos ^ß
J. T. Milik, DJD III, 173-174, pl. XXXVI. A fragment with remains of Amos 1.
5Q5 (5QPs) 5QPsalms ^ß
J. T. Milik, DJD III, 174, pl. XXXVII. Remains of Ps 119.
5Q6 (5QLam^a) 5QLamentations^{a ß}
J. T. Milik, DJD III, 174-177, pls. XXXVII-XXXVIII. Remains of a copy of Lamentations.
5Q7 (5QLam^b) 5QLamentations^{b ß}
J. T. Milik, DJD III, 177-178, pl. XXXVIII. A fragment with remains of another copy of Lam 4.
5Q8 (5QPhyl) 5QPhylactery ^ß
J. T. Milik, DJD III, 178, pl. XXXVIII. Phylactery in its case. Not unrolled.
5Q9 5QWork with Place Names ^¤,o
J. T. Milik, DJD III, 179-180, pl. XXXVIII. Unidentified work with toponyms.
5Q10 (5QpMal?) 5QMalachi Pesher ^{¤,1 [203]}
J. T. Milik, DJD III, 180, pl. XXXVIII, 288. Identified as possibly a commentary on Malachi by J. Carmignac, RQ 4/13 (1963) 97-100.
5Q11 (5QS) 5QRule of the Community ^{¤,1 [32]}
J. T. Milik, DJD III, 180-181, pl. XXXVIII, 110-124. Possibly a copy of the Rule of the Community, with remains of 1QS ii 4-7 and ii 12-14(?).
5Q12 (5QD) 5QDamascus Document ^{¤,1 [70-71]}
J. T. Milik, DJD III, 181, pl. XXXVIII, 189-198. Copy of the Damascus Document, with remains of CD IX 7-10.
5Q13 5QRule ^{¤,1 [73]}
J. T. Milik, DJD III, 181-183, pls. XXXIX-XL, 210-211. Sectarian rule (?), inspired by 1QS and CD, which cites 1QS iii 4-5 in fragment 4.
5Q14 5QCurses ^{¤,1 [403]}
J. T. Milik, DJD III, 183-184, pl. XL, 322. Written text with curses.
5Q15 (5QNJ ar) 5QNew Jerusalem ^{¤,1 [131-133]}
J. T. Milik, DJD III, 184-193. Remains of an Aramaic work: 'Description of the New Jerusalem', which includes readings from the copy of the same work from 4Q.
5Q16-25 5QUnclassified fragments ^¤,o
Remains of unidentified works or of unclassified fragments.

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Manuscripts from Qumran Cave 6

Go back to Cave Five (5Q) or go forward to Cave Seven (7Q)

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Cave Six - 6Q - 6Q1-6Q4, and 6Q6-6Q31

6Q1 (6QpalaeoGen) 6QGenesis ^ß

M. Baillet, DJD III, 105-106, pl. XX. A fragment with remains of Gn 6 in palaeo-Hebrew.

6Q2 (6QpalaeoLev) 6QLeviticus ^ß

M. Baillet, DJD III, 106, pl. XX. A fragment in palaeo-Hebrew with remains of LV 8.

6Q3 (6QDeut?) 6QDeuteronomy (?) ^ß

M. Baillet, DJD III, 106-107, pl. XX. A fragment with remains of, possibly, of DT 26.

6Q4 (6QKgs) 6QKings ^ß

M. Baillet, DJD III, 107-112, pl. XX-XXII. Remains of a copy of 1 and 2 Kgs.

6Q6 (6QCant) 6QCanticles ^ß

M. Baillet, DJD III, 112-114, pl. XXIII. A fragment with remains of Cant 1.

6Q7 (6QDan) 6QDaniel ^ß

M. Baillet, DJD III, 114-116, pl. XXIII. Remains of a copy of Daniel.

6Q8 (6QEnGiants ar) 6QGiants ^{¤,1 [262]}

M. Baillet, DJD III, 116-119, pl. XXIV. Published as a 'Genesis apocryphon', it was identified by Milik, Books, 300.309, as another copy of the Aramaic Book of Giants.

6Q9 6QApocryphon on Samuel-Kings ^{¤,1 [284]}

M. Baillet, DJD III, 119-123, pls. XXIV-XXV. Apocryphon, related to Sm-Kgs in content.

6Q10 6QProphecy ^¤,o

M. Baillet, DJD III, 123-125, pl. XXVI. Prophetic text (?).

6Q11 6QAllegory of the Vine ^{¤,1 [403]}

M. Baillet, DJD III, 125-126, pl. XXVI. 'Allegory of the Vine'.

6Q12 6QApocryphal Prophecy ^¤,o

M. Baillet, DJD III, 126, pl. XXVI. 'Apocryphal Prophecy' which uses a calculation in Jubilees.

6Q13 6QPriestly Prophecy ^¤,o

M. Baillet, DJD III, 126-127, pl. XXVI. 'Priestly Prophecy' related to Ezra-Nehemiah (?).

6Q14 6QApocalypse ^¤,o

M. Baillet, DJD III, 127-128, pl. XXVI. Aramaic 'Apocalyptic text'.

6Q15 (6QD) 6QDamascus Document ^{¤,1 [71]}

M. Baillet, DJD III, 128-131, pl. XXVI. Copy of the Damascus Document with remains of CD-A IV 19-21; V 13-14; V 18-VI 2; VI 20-VII 1, and a fragment with no equivalent in CD-A or CD-B.

6Q16 6QBenediction ^{¤,1 [437]}

M. Baillet, DJD III, 131-132, pl. XXVII.Blessings.

6Q17 6QCalendrical Document ^¤,o

M. Baillet, DJD III, 132-133, pl. XXVII. Fragment of a calendar.

6Q18 6QHymn ^{¤,1 [403]}

M. Baillet, DJD III, 133-136, pl. XXVII. Hymnic composition.

6Q19 6QGenesis (?) ^{¤,1 [227]}

M. Baillet, DJD III, 136, pl. XXVIII.

6Q20 6QDeuteronomy (?) ^{¤,1 [228]}

M. Baillet, DJD III, 136-137, pl. XXVIII, 357. Text related to Deut (?).

6Q21-22 6QUnclassified fragments ^¤,o

M. Baillet, DJD III, 137, pl. XXVIII. Unidentified texts.

6Q23 ^¤,o

M. Baillet, DJD III, 138, pl. XXVIII. Aramaic text identified by Milik, Books, 91 as a copy of 4Q(Words of) Michael (?).

6Q24-25 6QUnclassified fragments ^¤,o

M. Baillet, DJD III, 138, pl. XXVIII. Unidentified texts.

6Q26 6QFragments of accounts or contracts ^¤,o

M. Baillet, DJD III, 138-139, pl. XXIX. Remains of accounts or a contract in Aramaic.

6Q27-31 6QUnclassified fragments ^¤,o

M. Baillet, DJD III, 129-141, pl. XXIX. Unidentified texts.

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Manuscripts from Qumran Cave 7

Go back to Cave Six (6Q) or go forward to Cave Eight (8Q)

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Cave Seven - 7Q - 7Q1-7Q19

All the manuscripts recovered from this cave are in Greek and, until recently, were thought to be exclusively biblical compositions. There has been some conjecture that they were New Testament texts, however this seems so unlikely that it requires extraordinary supporting evidence to be taken seriously. The best recent evidence suggests something quite different. Recent work by Ernest A. Muro, Jr. and Emile Puech identify certain of these Cave 7 fragments as parts of the Book of Enoch. Mr. Muro's web site provides copies of these fragments, an introduction to the fragments from this cave, the complete text of his December 1997 article in Revue de Qumran, and a summary of the related article by Fr. Puech in the same issue. Their analyses cover fragments 4, 8, and 11 - 14.

7Q1 (7QLXXExod) 7QSeptuagint Exodus ^ß
M. Baillet, DJD III, 142-143, pl. XXX. Remains of chap. 28 of Exodus, in Greek.
7Q2 (7QLXXEpJer) 7QEpistle of Jeremiah ^ß
M. Baillet, DJD III, 143, pl. XXX. Remains of the Letter of Jeremiah, vv. 43-44.
7Q3-19 7QUnclassified fragments ^o
M. Baillet, DJD III, 143-144, pl. XXX. Unidentified Greek manuscripts. Many of these have been ascribed to various biblical texts, however, the various authors are not always in agreement as to which fragment goes with which biblical text.

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Manuscripts from Qumran Cave 8

Go back to Cave Seven (7Q) or go forward to Cave Nine (9Q)

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Cave Eight - 8Q - 8Q1-8Q5

8Q1 (8QGen) 8QGenesis ^ß
M. Baillet, DJD III, 147-148, pl. XXXI. Two fragments with remains of Gn 17-18.
8Q2 (8QPs) 8QPsalms ^ß
M. Baillet, DJD III, 148-149, pl. XXXI. Remains of Pss 17-18.
8Q3 (8QPhyl) 8QPhylactery ^ß
M. Baillet, DJD III, 149-157, pls. XXXII-XXXIII. Remains of Exod 13:1-10; 13:11-16; Deut 6:4-9; 11:13; 6:1-3; 10:20-22; 10:12-19; Exod 12:43-51; Deut 5:1-14; Exod 20:11; Deut 10:13(?); 11:2; 10:21-22; 11:1.6-12.
8Q4 (8QMez) 8QMezuzah ^ß
M. Baillet, DJD III, 158-161, pl. XXXIV. Remains of Deut 10:12-11:21.
8Q5 8QHymn ^{¤,1 [404]}
M. Baillet, DJD III, 161-163, pl. XXXV. Hymnic text.

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Manuscript from Qumran Cave 9

Go back to Cave Eight (8Q) or go forward to Cave Ten (10Q)

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Cave Nine - 9Q - Papyrus fragment from Qumran Cave 9



M. Baillet, DJD III, 163, pl. XXXV. Only a small fragment, as yet unidentified, was found.

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Ostracon from Qumran Cave 10

Go back to Cave Nine (9Q) or go forward to Cave Eleven (11Q)

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Cave Ten - 10Q - An ostracon from Qum

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ran Cave 10



One ostracon^¤ was found, a piece of a jar with traces of two letters of the owner's name, M. Baillet, DJD III, 164, pl. XXXV.

 

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Manuscripts from Qumran Cave 11

Go back to Cave Ten (10Q) or return again to the Introduction

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Cave Eleven - 11Q - 11Q1-11Q25

11Q1 (11QpalaeoLev^a) 11QLeviticus^{a ß}
D. N. Freedman, K. A. Mathews, The Palaeo-Hebrew Leviticus Scroll (11QpalaeoLev) (Winona Lake 1985). Copy of Leviticus in palaeo-Hebrew characters.
11Q2 (11QLev^b) 11QLeviticus^{b ß}
Two fragments with remains of another copy of Leviticus in palaeo-Hebrew characters.
111Q3 (11QDeut) 11QDeuteronomy ^ß
A fragment with remains of Deut 1.
111Q4 (11QEz) 11QEzekiel ^ß
W. H. Brownlee, RQ 14/13 (1963) 11-28, pls. I-II.
11Q5 (11QPs^a) 11QPsalms^{a ß,1 [304-310]}
J. A. Saunders, DJD IV. Copy of Pss, in a different sequence from MT, with other pseudepigraphical compositions.
11Q6 (11QPs^b) 11QPsalms^{b ß,1 [310-311]}
J. P. M. van der Ploeg, RB 74 (1967), 408-412, pl. XVIII. Another copy of the foregoing MS with remains of the 'Plea for Deliverance' 1-15 and of Pss 141:10; 133:1-3;144:1-2;118:1.15-16.
11Q7 (11QPs^c) 11QPsalms^{c ß}
Remains of another copy of Pss.
11Q8 (11QPs^d) 11QPsalms^{d ß}
Remains of another copy of Pss.
11Q9 (11QPs^e) 11QPsalms^{e ß}
Two fragments with remains of Pss 36-37 and 86, possibly another copy of Pss, or part of 11Q7.
11Q10 (11QtgJob) 11QTargum of Job ^{¤,1 [143-153]}
Aramaic Targum of Job.
11Q11 (11QApPs^a) 11QApocryphal Psalms^{a ¤,1 [376-378]}
Psalms for expelling demons. The MS ends with Ps 91.
11Q12 (11QJub) 11QJubilees ^{¤,1 [241-242]}
Copy of the Book of Jubilees.
11Q13 (11QMelch^a) 11QMechizedec ^{¤,1 [139-140]}
Eschatological pesher, based on Lv 28, with the angelic form of Melchizedek as the protagonist. Also, see The Coming of Melchizedek translation by the Gnostic Society Library.
11Q14 (11QBer^a) 11QBlessings ^{¤,1 [124]}
Collections of Blessings which come from the War Scroll.
11Q15 (11QHymns^a) 11QHymns^{a ¤,1 [404]}
Collection of hymns. Only small fragment has been preserved.
11Q16 (11QHymns^b) 11QHymns^{b ¤,o}
Another collection of hymns.
11Q17 (11QShirShabb) 11QSongs of the Sabbath Sacrifice ^{¤,1 [430-431]}
Copy of the work 'Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice' which preserves the last part of the composition, with remains of the songs for the ninth, eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth Sabbaths.
11Q18 (11QNJ ar) 11QNew Jerusalem ^{¤,1 [133-135]}
Copy of the Aramaic work 'Description of the New Jerusalem'.
11Q19 (11QTemple^a) 11QTemple Scroll^{a ¤,1 [154-179]}
Y. Yadin, The Temple Scroll, 3 vols. and Suppl. (Jerusalem 1977:Hebrew edition; 1983:English edition with supplements) Complete edition of the Temple Scroll. This is the scroll found under the tile floor of Kando's house and confiscated by the Israeli army after they gained control the the West Bank following the Six Day War. Yadin had been negotiating with Kando for this scroll before the war without success. Eventually, the Israeli government paid Kando a total of $105,000 after negotiations lasting almost a year. The highest asking price prior to the war was $750,000.
Additional fragments were stored by Kando in a cigar box. Later it was learned that some additional fragments were stored behind family pictures in Kando's home and that of his brother. All this material, along with one fragment given to Yadin during the earlier negotiations, constitute the Temple Scroll listed under this number and 11Q20 (11QTemple^b) 11QTemple Scroll^b, 11Q Torah. As far as I can tell none of it was recovered from Cave 11 directly by trained archaeologists.
The scroll contains major portions of the Pentateuch, but it is frequently written in the first person. The same is true of the supplementary laws in the Temple Scroll that are not in the Pentateuch. Most interestingly, this Torah contains detailed plans for the Jerusalem Temple construction which are notably missing from the Pentateuch, though referred to indirectly in I Chronicles 28:11-19. Nearly half of the Temple Scroll is taken up with the plans for the Temple, sacrifices, and laws of the city of the Temple.
Yadin doubts that this is the actual missing scroll. When he named it the Temple Scroll, he was thinking rather that it may reflect knowledge of and an attempt to preserve an earlier tradition known to the author.
Another part of the Temple Scroll contains the so-called Statutes of the King. The original text was traditionally written by Samuel and laid before the King. No record of what Samuel wrote survives in the Torah. But it is referred to in Deuteronomy 17:15-20 and in I Samuel 8:11ff.
For these and other reasons, Yadin concludes that this scroll was, for the Essenes (his term), a holy canonical book on a par with the other holy books of the Bible.
Yadin relates an interesting correspondence between the statues in the Temple Scroll and the known behavior of the Jerusalem Essenes as related by Josephus, who actually lived with a group of wilderness Essenes for a time as a young man. This concerns the laws on defecation. The law requires that the latrines be built 3000 cubits from the camps. Since the Essenes, the Temple Scroll, and the War Scroll considered the entire city of Jerusalem a camp, the toilets were outside the city by nearly a mile. Since 3000 cubits exceeds the distance allowed for walking on the Sabbath, the Essenes were not allowed to relieve themselves on the Sabbath. Josephus reports observing this behavior during his stay with the Essenes. Yadin notes that Josephus also refers to an Essene Gate, mentioned nowhere else, which may have been the one used by the Essenes when they left the city to relieve themselves. The Temple Scroll describes the building of public toilets northwest of the city. This reference provides a good clue to the location of the Essene Gate. Josephus mentions that near the Essene Gate was a place called Betsoe, which Yadin says is obviously Beth-Soah in Hebrew, i.e., a lavatory.
11Q20 (11QTemple^b) 11QTemple Scroll^b, 11Q Torah ^{¤,1 [179-184]}
Fragmentary remains of the Temple Scroll. It is not clear to me if these are the fragments subsequently discovered behind the family pictures in the homes of Kando and his brother or fragments found under Jordanian auspices and initially stored in the Palestine Archaeological Museum under the control of Roland de Vaux.
11Q21-25 11QUnclassified fragments ^¤,o
Remains of unidentified works.

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